Hydroxylamine Sulfate
Free hydroxylamine is too unstable to ship or store in bulk. Hydroxylamine sulfate is how the industry actually moves this chemistry — a stable, crystalline salt that releases hydroxylamine reactivity on demand, most of it destined for oxime chemistry on the way to caprolactam and nylon 6.
Chelora Chemicals supplies hydroxylamine sulfate to fine-chemical, pharmaceutical and polymer-intermediate producers worldwide, in UN-approved packing, with a batch COA and GHS safety data sheet on every consignment.
Product identity
- CAS Number
- 10039-54-0
- IUPAC name
- Hydroxylammonium sulfate
- Molecular formula
- (NH₂OH)₂·H₂SO₄
- Molecular weight
- 164.14 g/mol
- EC / EINECS
- 233-118-8
- UN Number
- 2865 · Class 8*
- SMILES
- [NH3+]O.[NH3+]O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-]
- HS Code
- 2928 00*
* Confirm the exact UN entry, packing group and HS heading with your freight forwarder and customs broker — classification and the shipping description can differ by mode, concentration and destination.
What Hydroxylamine Sulfate is used for
Hydroxylamine sulfate is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid — two hydroxylammonium cations paired with one sulfate anion. It is, in effect, the practical form of hydroxylamine: the free base is a volatile, thermally unstable liquid that can decompose energetically on its own, so almost all industrial hydroxylamine chemistry is carried out starting from this stable salt.
Its single largest downstream use is to make oximes, above all cyclohexanone oxime, which is converted by Beckmann rearrangement into caprolactam — the monomer for nylon 6 fibre and resin. Beyond that it functions as a general-purpose reducing agent in pharmaceutical and fine-chemical synthesis, an intermediate for rubber antioxidants, a photographic and electroless-plating reagent, and an analytical reagent for dechlorination and redox titration.
Where it sits among reduction and oxime reagents
- Hydroxylamine sulfate (this product) the stable, easily handled commercial salt of hydroxylamine.
- Hydroxylamine hydrochloride the alternative chloride salt, used interchangeably in some oxime routes; lower sulfate load, higher chloride load in the effluent stream.
- Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid a reactive downstream derivative made from this product under oleum, used for direct amination chemistry.
- Methylamine a separate reducing-amine building block for a different family of routes. See that page.
On a reagent sold as a technical salt, confirm the CAS number and the assay method on your purchase order — see the full intermediate range.
Appearance and handling character
The material is a white crystalline powder, readily soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, and markedly hygroscopic — a part-used drum left open will cake and pick up moisture within hours in humid conditions. It decomposes rather than melting cleanly, releasing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides on strong heating, and it is incompatible with oxidising agents, strong bases and iron. Dust control, moisture exclusion and avoiding heat are the three practical requirements on this product.
| Parameter | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Assay (iodometric/redox titration) | 98.0% min |
| Decomposition point | ~170 °C (dec.) |
| Free sulfuric acid | 0.2% max |
| Moisture / insolubles | 0.5% max |
| Iron | 10 ppm max |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | 20 ppm max |
Important: the figures above are indicative of commercial-grade material and are offered for planning only. The batch certificate of analysis is the governing document. Assay and iron content are the figures that matter most to downstream oxime quality — tell us your target and we will quote against it.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Physical state | Crystalline solid at ambient |
| Decomposition | ~170 °C, decomposes rather than melts |
| Water solubility | ~590 g/L at 20–25 °C |
| Solvent solubility | Insoluble in alcohol |
| Hygroscopicity | Hygroscopic — store under seal |
| Incompatibilities | Oxidising agents, strong bases, iron |
Physical constants compiled from public reference data for CAS 10039-54-0 and rounded for readability. Treat them as orientation, not as a specification.
Where our customers put this reagent to work
One very large polymer-chain application and several steady specialty uses — oxime and reduction chemistry both depend on this one stable salt.
Oxime & caprolactam chemistry
Reaction with cyclohexanone gives cyclohexanone oxime, the feedstock for Beckmann rearrangement into caprolactam and ultimately nylon 6.
- The dominant global use by volume
- Iron and assay tightly specified
- Contracted tonnage available
Pharmaceutical reduction chemistry
A general-purpose reducing and oximation reagent used across API and advanced-intermediate synthesis routes.
- Pharma-grade specification available
- Heavy-metal and iron limits on request
- Full impurity profile supplied
Rubber antioxidant intermediates
A building block for antioxidant and antiozonant chemistry in the tyre and technical-rubber industry.
- Technical-grade specification
- Bulk quantities available
- Technical desk review of your route
Photographic & plating chemistry
Used as a reducing agent in photographic developer formulations and in electroless and chemical-plating baths.
- Low-iron grade preferred
- Small packs available
- Colour-critical supply on request
Water treatment & analytical reagent
Used for dechlorination, as an oxygen scavenger, and as a standard reducing titrant in analytical laboratories.
- Reagent-grade available
- Standardised assay on COA
- Packs from 500 g for lab use
Contract & scheduled supply
Caprolactam and polymer plants consume this on a schedule. We hold inventory and release it against your production calendar.
- Annual contracts with scheduled call-off
- Price held across the contract period
- Second source held in reserve
How we supply Hydroxylamine Sulfate
Chelora Chemicals is a supplier and sourcing partner, not a manufacturer. On a reagent that is hygroscopic, decomposition-prone and trace-metal sensitive, owning no plant means we are never defending a stale batch — we route your order to the producer whose packing, turnaround and iron specification actually matches what your process needs.
We place your order with whichever qualified producer best matches your assay, your iron and heavy-metal limits, your price point and your delivery window.
We keep a second qualified source on this line, because caprolactam-grade hydroxylamine sulfate production is concentrated among a limited number of plants and shelf life rules out heavy stockpiling as a buffer.
- Assay confirmed by titration before we quote. On a reducing agent, assay drift changes your stoichiometry, so we verify it rather than take the label on trust.
- Iron content reported on the COA. Trace iron catalyses decomposition and can interfere with downstream oxime formation — we state it rather than leave it to inference.
- We ask what it feeds before we quote. Caprolactam-chain supply, pharma reduction chemistry and analytical reagent use carry different documentation expectations.
- Packing specified for moisture exclusion. This is a specification point on a hygroscopic salt, not packaging detail.
- Mutagenicity and corrosive classification stated up front. Said at enquiry stage so your EHS team can plan containment before the first drum arrives.
- Export machinery handled in-house. Classification, approved packing, labelling, freight booking and customs paperwork are ours to manage.
Packed the way your plant receives it
On a hygroscopic salt the pack is doing chemistry as well as containment. Tell us how the material will be charged and we will quote the format that keeps it dry.
Lined fibre / HDPE drums
UN-approved drums with a sealed moisture-barrier liner — the standard commercial format and the easiest to reseal between charges.
Desiccant-lined packing
Available where transit through hot, humid routes would otherwise risk caking before the drum is opened.
Lined FIBC bulk bags
For caprolactam-chain contract volumes, where a moisture-barrier bulk bag reduces handling and packaging cost per tonne.
Trial / sample quantities
Small, sealed, DG-compliant containers dispatched so your R&D team can qualify the grade before committing to larger volumes.
Incoterms to suit you
Quoted on the Incoterm your purchasing team works to, with DG documentation filed before the booking is made.
Campaign despatch
We hold contracted tonnage and release it against your production calendar — worth doing on a product that loses quality once a drum is opened and left.
Dust, moisture and skin contact are the controlling routes
Hydroxylamine sulfate is corrosive to some metals, a suspected mutagen, harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin, and very toxic to aquatic life. The summary below is orientation only — the safety data sheet supplied with your consignment is the authoritative document.
Classified hazards
H290May be corrosive to metals.H302+H312Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin.H315Causes skin irritation.H317May cause an allergic skin reaction.H319Causes serious eye irritation.H351Suspected of causing cancer.H373May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.H400/H412Very toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects.
Hazard statements reflect classifications commonly published for CAS 10039-54-0. Always read the SDS issued with your specific batch.
Spill & emergency orientation
Plan your response before the pallet arrives. Sections 4, 5 and 6 of the SDS are the authoritative instructions and should be posted at the point of use.
- Never dry-sweep a spill. Sweeping re-suspends the dust and turns a contained spill into an inhalation and skin exposure — collect with a HEPA vacuum or damp methods.
- Keep it away from oxidisers and strong bases. Mixing can liberate hydroxylamine vapour and generate heat; store and clean up with that incompatibility in mind.
- Contain, do not hose to drain. H400/H412 apply — collect the material and dispose of it as regulated chemical waste.
- Treat contaminated clothing as waste. Remove it immediately, bag it and handle it as contaminated waste rather than sending it to an ordinary laundry.
- Wash skin thoroughly and log the exposure. Skin contact with a sensitiser and suspected mutagen is reportable at most sites.
Storage
- Cool, dry, access-controlled store. Heat accelerates decomposition and moisture causes caking, both of which cost you assay.
- Keep containers tightly closed. On a hygroscopic salt a part-used drum left open will visibly cake within days in humid air.
- Segregate from oxidising agents and strong bases. Both can trigger exothermic decomposition; keep them apart by distance, not just by label.
- Avoid contact with iron. Trace iron catalyses decomposition, which is why iron content appears on the specification.
- Shelf life typically 12–24 months. Re-assay and check for caking or discolouration before use after extended storage.
Handling & PPE
- Design dust and skin contact out. Closed transfer, contained charging and local exhaust ventilation first; PPE last, never as the sole control.
- Chemical-resistant gloves, coveralls and eye protection. With contaminated clothing removed, bagged and handled as contaminated waste.
- Respiratory protection for dust. Particulate respirators during any operation that can generate airborne powder, per your exposure assessment.
- Health surveillance for routine handlers. Given the mutagenicity classification, your occupational health provider should define a monitoring programme.
- Never discharge to drain or watercourse. H400/H412 apply — contain and dispose of as regulated chemical waste.
Transport
Hydroxylamine sulfate generally moves as regulated cargo under UN 2865, Class 8 (Corrosive), Packing Group III. We classify each consignment, apply UN-approved packaging and labelling, and file the dangerous-goods declaration before the booking is made — ask us for the current DG paperwork when you plan the shipment.
What travels with every consignment
A chemical shipment is only as good as the file that travels with it. Verifying what the source plant sends is precisely the work you are buying from a supplier.
Certificate of Analysis
Batch-specific assay, free acidity, moisture, iron and heavy-metal content — checked against your specification before release.
GHS Safety Data Sheet
Full 16-section SDS in GHS format covering hazards, exposure controls, handling, storage, spill response, toxicology and disposal, in the language your destination requires.
Dangerous Goods Declaration
UN number, hazard class and IMDG or RID/ADR declaration prepared and filed before the container is booked, with correctly marked packaging.
Analytical method & titration data
Titration method and batch worksheet on request, so your QC can reproduce the assay result rather than take it on trust.
Certificate of Origin
Chamber-attested where required, plus preferential-origin forms where a trade agreement gives your import duty relief.
Retained & pre-shipment samples
Pre-shipment samples carry the same COA as the commercial lot, so what your laboratory qualifies is exactly what arrives.
A stabilised form of a reactive, unstable base
Hydroxylamine is a strong nucleophile and a useful mild reducing agent, but the free base is thermally unstable above modest concentration. The industrial pattern below is general background, not a process disclosure.
Generate nitrogen oxide intermediates
Industrial routes typically start from ammonia, nitric oxide or nitrate species, reduced or combined under controlled catalytic conditions.
Form and stabilise the salt
The hydroxylamine formed is captured directly as its sulfate salt, avoiding isolation of the unstable free base at any point in the process.
Crystallise and dry
The product is crystallised, filtered and dried under controlled humidity to the white, free-flowing powder that ships commercially.
React in use
Downstream, the salt is liberated and reacted with a ketone or aldehyde — cyclohexanone, for example — to form the corresponding oxime.
Why assay and iron carry through
On this reagent, two drums at the same nominal label can give very different downstream results:
- Assay sets your stoichiometry. A reducing or oximation reagent used off a nominal percentage will under- or over-react if the real titre drifts from the label.
- Iron is the characteristic catalytic impurity. It accelerates decomposition in storage and can interfere with clean oxime formation downstream.
- Moisture content is a stability specification. A wetter lot cakes faster and loses assay faster in storage, not just at the point of use.
- Free acidity affects reaction pH. Excess sulfuric acid in the salt shifts the effective pH of the reaction mixture if not accounted for.
That is why we quote against your written assay and iron limits rather than a generic "technical grade", and why the batch COA is shared for approval before dispatch rather than sent with the invoice.
| Material | Role |
|---|---|
| Hydroxylamine sulfate CAS 10039-54-0 — this product | Stable hydroxylamine source |
| Cyclohexanone oxime Downstream intermediate | Feedstock for caprolactam |
| Caprolactam CAS 105-60-2 | Nylon 6 monomer |
| Methylamine CAS 74-89-5 | Separate reducing-amine family |
We supply across this reagent family — see the full intermediate range. Send the CAS number and we will confirm the correct material before quoting.
What actually moves the price of this product
Knowing what drives the quote helps you time a purchase and read whether an offer is realistic.
Ammonia and sulfuric acid feedstock
Both major production routes depend on ammonia and sulfuric acid as upstream inputs, so fertiliser and acid markets feed through.
- Ammonia tracks natural gas cost
- Sulfuric acid follows sulfur and smelter supply
- We flag feedstock-driven moves in the quote
Caprolactam / nylon 6 demand
This is overwhelmingly a captive-chain market. Textile and engineering-plastics demand for nylon 6 moves it directly.
- Demand follows the textile cycle
- Contracted call-off smooths the exposure
- We hold a second qualified source
Iron and purity specification
A technical grade and a tightly specified pharma or low-iron grade are different products from the same plant at different prices.
- Tell us the real limits, not a wish list
- We will say when a wider spec will do
- Over-specification is the commonest cost leak
Freight and DG surcharges
Class 8 cargo carries a hazardous surcharge, and moisture-barrier packing adds cost on top.
- Compare on landed cost, not ex-works
- DG space books out ahead of peak season
- We quote FOB, CIF, CFR or DDP as you prefer
Source concentration
Production is concentrated among a small number of plants tied to caprolactam complexes, so a single turnaround moves the whole market.
- We hold a second qualified source on this line
- Qualify the alternate before you need it
- Ask us about dual-source contracts
Shelf life and inventory risk
A hygroscopic salt with a 12 to 24 month shelf life means stockpiling against a price move carries a real degradation cost.
- Buy to schedule rather than to price
- We hold inventory and release on call-off
- Ask about scheduled despatch
| If your end use is… | Specify |
|---|---|
| Caprolactam-chain oxime feed | Low iron, tight assay, contracted call-off |
| Pharma / fine-chemical reduction | Pharma-grade, full impurity profile |
| Photographic / plating chemistry | Low iron, colour-critical |
| Rubber chemical intermediate | Technical grade |
| Laboratory / analytical use | Small DG-compliant pack, standardised COA |
Not sure which row you are in? Describe what you make from it and our technical desk will recommend the grade — including telling you when a cheaper specification would do the job just as well.
Support that goes beyond shipping the drum
What our technical desk will do
- Confirm assay and iron limits before anything else. On this reagent both carry straight into downstream yield and quality, and we settle them in the first reply.
- Ask what the material feeds. Caprolactam-chain supply, pharma reduction chemistry and lab reagent use carry different documentation expectations.
- Recommend packing for your climate and transit. Desiccant-lined packing is worth the cost on some routes and unnecessary on others, and we will say which.
- Be straight about the mutagenicity classification. Stated at enquiry stage so your EHS team can plan containment before the first delivery.
Regulatory & compliance notes
- Import controls vary by destination. We check destination rules before quoting, not after you have raised the PO.
- Chemical inventory listings differ between regions. We will supply the identity data you need for that filing.
- Effluent and waste rules matter. H400/H412 apply — check your discharge consent against the material before introducing it to site.
- End-use declarations may be requested. Some destinations ask for a stated end use on sensitive reducing agents; we will tell you if yours does.
None of the above is legal advice — your own regulatory affairs team owns the final compliance position for your import and your workplace. What we commit to is accurate product identity data, an honest statement of the hazard classification and complete documentation to work from.
From enquiry to delivered pallet
Send the specification
Product name or CAS 10039-54-0, your assay, iron and moisture limits, quantity, pack preference and destination port.
Receive a firm quote
Pricing, lead time, packing and Incoterm confirmed in writing within 24 hours — our sourcing desk is staffed around the clock.
Qualify and approve
Sample dispatched if you are qualifying a new source. Batch COA shared for your approval before the material is released.
Ship and track
Classification filed, DG freight booked, export documents issued, and the consignment tracked through transit and clearance.
What buyers ask us about Hydroxylamine Sulfate
What is hydroxylamine sulfate used for?
Why the sulfate salt rather than free hydroxylamine?
What purity and form do you supply?
Is it hazardous?
How should it be stored?
What is the minimum order quantity?
Is this a dangerous good? What paperwork comes with it?
Do you manufacture this yourself?
Request pricing on Hydroxylamine Sulfate
Send your required assay, iron and moisture limits, quantity, pack format and destination port. Our sourcing desk is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and comes back with pricing, lead time and packing options.