Piperazine
A heterocyclic diamine: piperazine's symmetrical two-nitrogen ring gives it two reactive amine sites, making it a key building block across gas treating, anthelmintic pharmaceuticals and some of the world's most widely used drug intermediates.
Chelora Chemicals supplies piperazine to gas-treating, pharmaceutical and veterinary manufacturers worldwide, with full documentation on every consignment.
Product identity
- CAS Number
- 110-85-0
- IUPAC name
- Piperazine
- Molecular formula
- C₄H₁₀N₂
- Molecular weight
- 86.138 g/mol
- Melting point
- 106 °C
- Boiling point
- 146 °C (sublimes)
- Appearance
- White deliquescent solid
- NFPA 704
- 2-2-0
* Confirm the current HS classification and import regulatory status for your destination with your own regulatory affairs team.
What Piperazine is used for
Piperazine is a white, deliquescent crystalline solid with a mild saline taste, built on a symmetrical six-membered ring carrying two nitrogen atoms positioned opposite each other. That second nitrogen gives it two reactive amine sites, distinguishing it from piperidine's single-nitrogen ring.
Industrially, piperazine is a familiar component of CO₂/H₂S gas-scrubbing fluids, typically paired with MDEA to accelerate acid-gas absorption. In pharmaceutical and veterinary chemistry, it forms the active ring in anthelmintic drug salts (piperazine citrate and adipate, used against roundworm and pinworm infections) and serves as a key intermediate in a long list of medicines, including sildenafil, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ziprasidone and piperacillin. It is also used in diethylcarbamazine synthesis for filarial infections, and as a ligand in coordination chemistry.
Where it sits among the heterocyclic amines
- Piperidine one ring nitrogen — a strong secondary-amine base. See that page.
- Piperazine (this product) two ring nitrogens — di-functional pharmaceutical building block.
- Morpholine one ring nitrogen plus one ring oxygen — steam-treatment and synthesis chemistry. See that page.
Appearance and handling character
Piperazine carries an NFPA 704 rating of 2-2-0 (moderate health hazard, moderate flammability hazard, stable). As a deliquescent solid it readily absorbs atmospheric moisture, so it is stored and handled in sealed, moisture-protected packaging.
| Parameter | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline flakes/prills |
| Assay | 99.0% min |
| Water content | 0.5% max |
| Melting point range | 104-108 °C |
Important: the figures above are indicative of commercial material and are offered for planning only. The batch certificate of analysis is the governing document.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Physical state | White deliquescent solid; saline taste |
| Melting point | 106 °C |
| Boiling point | 146 °C (sublimes) |
| NFPA 704 rating | 2-2-0 |
| Water solubility | High; deliquescent |
| Amine class | Saturated heterocyclic diamine |
Physical constants compiled from public reference data for CAS 110-85-0 and rounded for readability. Treat them as orientation, not as a specification.
Where our customers put this diamine to work
A symmetrical ring diamine central to gas treating and pharmaceutical synthesis.
CO₂/H₂S gas scrubbing
A component of amine gas-treating fluids, typically paired with MDEA to accelerate acid-gas absorption.
- Technical grade specification
- Bulk & drum supply
- Technical desk review on request
Anthelmintic drug salts
The active ring in piperazine citrate and adipate salts used in veterinary and human anthelmintic medicine.
- Pharmaceutical-grade specification
- Documented batch traceability
- Contract & spot supply
Pharmaceutical intermediate
A core ring structure in sildenafil, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ziprasidone and piperacillin synthesis.
- Research and process-scale quantities
- Full analytical documentation available
- Retained sample held against the lot
Diethylcarbamazine synthesis
An intermediate in manufacturing diethylcarbamazine, used against filarial infections.
- Technical grade specification
- Documented batch traceability
- Technical desk review on request
Coordination chemistry
Used as a ligand in forming metal complexes for research and catalysis applications.
- Bulk tank or drum supply
- Full documentation supplied
- Technical desk review on request
Contract & scheduled supply
Gas-treating and pharmaceutical-intermediate plants running continuous consumption are supported with scheduled bulk delivery.
- Annual contracts with scheduled call-off
- Price held across the contract period
- Second source held in reserve
How we supply Piperazine
Chelora Chemicals is a supplier and sourcing partner, not a manufacturer. Piperazine's deliquescent nature and its role in pharmaceutical synthesis mean moisture control and purity documentation matter as much as price — that shapes how we manage this line.
We place your order with whichever qualified producer best matches your required grade, your price point and your delivery window.
We keep a second qualified source on this line, so a single-plant disruption never becomes your production problem.
- Assay confirmed before we quote. Purity matters to downstream pharmaceutical and gas-treating applications.
- Moisture-protected packaging as standard. Sealed packs prevent deliquescent pickup in transit and storage.
- Pharmaceutical-grade documentation available. Supporting purity and impurity-profile paperwork on request.
- Scheduled call-off scheduling. We hold contracted tonnage and release it against your consumption calendar.
- Batch traceability to the producing plant. Full chain of custody documentation on request.
- Export machinery handled in-house. Classification, approved packing, labelling, freight booking and customs paperwork are ours to manage.
Packed the way your plant receives it
Sealed bags, drums or bulk — tell us your preferred format and we will quote and pack to it.
25 kg / 50 kg fibre or steel drums
Moisture-sealed drums protecting the deliquescent solid during transit and storage.
Lined, moisture-barrier bags
For mid-volume orders needing moisture protection without drum handling.
Gas-treating and pharma-plant volumes
Bulk shipment sized to continuous gas-treating or pharmaceutical-intermediate plant consumption.
Incoterms to suit you
Quoted on the Incoterm your purchasing team works to, with documentation filed before booking.
Trial / sample quantities
Small packs dispatched for process trials before a commercial order is placed.
Contracted call-off supply
We hold contracted tonnage and release it against your consumption calendar.
Moderate hazard rating, moisture-sensitive handling
Piperazine carries an NFPA 704 rating of 2-2-0 and is deliquescent, so moisture control is the central storage concern alongside standard amine-handling precautions. The summary below is orientation only — the safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch is the authoritative document.
Hazard summary
Health 2Moderate health hazard — avoid inhalation and prolonged skin contact.Flam. 2Moderate flammability hazard under fire conditions.React. 0Normally stable.
Always read the SDS issued with your specific batch. Handle with gloves and eye protection; keep containers sealed to prevent moisture pickup and clumping.
Storage
Store in tightly sealed, moisture-barrier containers in a cool, dry area. Piperazine's deliquescent nature means even brief exposure to humid air can cause clumping and quality drift.
Handling
Minimise dust generation and use local exhaust ventilation when handling the solid. Reseal containers promptly after use.
Transport
Shipped with standard industrial-chemical documentation. We confirm current classification and any destination-specific requirements for your shipment.
Every batch, documented
We verify documentation before dispatch so there are no surprises at your incoming-goods bench.
Specification agreed
Assay confirmed against your process requirement before order placement.
Producer batch testing
The producing plant tests each batch against the agreed specification before release.
Documentation review
COA, SDS and transport paperwork checked by our desk before the shipment is booked.
Traceable dispatch
Each shipment is traceable to its producing batch, with full chain-of-custody records on request.
How piperazine is made
Piperazine is produced industrially most commonly as a co-product of ethylenediamine manufacture, formed during the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine, then separated and purified by crystallisation.
We do not publish operating process parameters here; this is background only. Full technical and safety documentation accompanies every shipment, and any process-specific detail you need is best confirmed directly with our technical desk.
| Chemical family | Saturated heterocyclic diamine |
|---|---|
| Ring structure | Six-membered, two nitrogens (para-positioned) |
| Reactivity | Two reactive amine sites; forms salts, amides and ring-substituted pharmaceutical cores |
| Related compounds | Piperidine (single-nitrogen analog), Ethylenediamine (co-product relationship) |
Explore the wider amine range
Piperazine, answered
What is piperazine used for?
How does piperazine differ from piperidine?
Is piperazine hazardous?
What grade do you supply?
What packing do you offer?
Do you manufacture this yourself?
- Need a related amine? See our Piperidine and Morpholine pages.
Get a quote on Piperazine today
Send us your required grade, pack size and delivery window. We will come back with a firm quote, lead time and full documentation.