Morpholine
A heterocyclic amine: morpholine's ring carries both a nitrogen and an oxygen atom, a combination that makes it the standard choice for steam and condensate system treatment at power plants, alongside pharmaceutical and solvent chemistry.
Chelora Chemicals supplies morpholine to power-generation, pharmaceutical and fine-chemical manufacturers worldwide, with full GHS documentation on every consignment.
Product identity
- CAS Number
- 110-91-8
- IUPAC name
- Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
- Molecular formula
- C₄H₉NO
- Molecular weight
- 87.122 g/mol
- Boiling point
- 129 °C
- Melting point
- -5 °C
- UN Number
- UN 2054
- HS Code
- 2934 99*
* Confirm the current HS classification and import regulatory status for your destination with your own regulatory affairs team.
What Morpholine is used for
Morpholine is a colourless liquid with a weak ammonia and fish-like odour, carrying a ring that combines one nitrogen and one oxygen atom. That combination gives it a distinct balance of basicity and volatility compared with purely carbocyclic or all-nitrogen heterocycles.
Morpholine's best-known industrial role is in steam and condensate system treatment at power-generation plants, where ppm-level dosing — often alongside hydrazine or ammonia — helps protect piping and equipment from corrosion. It is also a pharmaceutical synthesis building block, appearing in medicines such as linezolid and gefitinib, serves as an industrial solvent, is used in enamine production, and has historically appeared in fruit-wax coatings (a use now restricted in some jurisdictions, including the EU).
Where it sits among the heterocyclic amines
- Piperidine ring nitrogen only — a strong secondary-amine base. See that page.
- Morpholine (this product) ring nitrogen plus ring oxygen — balanced basicity and polarity.
- N-Methylmorpholine morpholine's N-methylated derivative — catalysis and oxidant chemistry. See that page.
Appearance and handling character
Morpholine is flammable and corrosive — harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, and is harmful if inhaled — a profile that calls for standard amine-handling PPE and ventilation.
| Parameter | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Assay | 99.0% min |
| Water content | 0.3% max |
| Colour (Hazen) | 10 max |
Important: the figures above are indicative of commercial material and are offered for planning only. The batch certificate of analysis is the governing document.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Physical state | Colourless liquid; weak ammonia/fish-like odour |
| Boiling point | 129 °C |
| Melting point | -5 °C |
| Density (20 °C) | 1.007 g/cm³ |
| Water solubility | Miscible |
| Amine class | Saturated heterocyclic amine (N,O-ring) |
Physical constants compiled from public reference data for CAS 110-91-8 and rounded for readability. Treat them as orientation, not as a specification.
Where our customers put this amine to work
An N,O-ring amine central to steam-system protection and pharmaceutical synthesis.
Steam/condensate treatment
Dosed at ppm levels in power-plant steam systems, often alongside hydrazine or ammonia, to protect piping from corrosion.
- Technical grade specification
- Bulk & drum supply
- Technical desk review on request
Pharmaceutical synthesis
A building block in medicines including linezolid and gefitinib.
- Technical-grade specification
- Documented batch traceability
- Contract & spot supply
Industrial solvent
Used as a reaction and process solvent in a range of chemical manufacturing settings.
- Packs from 25 kg drum / bulk
- Full analytical documentation available
- Retained sample held against the lot
Enamine production
Reacted with ketones to form morpholine enamines used in further organic synthesis.
- Technical grade specification
- Bulk tank or drum supply
- Documented batch traceability
Agricultural fungicide derivatives
A precursor used in certain fungicide active-ingredient chemistry applied to cereal crops.
- Research and process-scale quantities
- Full documentation supplied
- Technical desk review on request
Contract & scheduled supply
Power-generation and pharmaceutical-intermediate plants running continuous consumption are supported with scheduled bulk delivery.
- Annual contracts with scheduled call-off
- Price held across the contract period
- Second source held in reserve
How we supply Morpholine
Chelora Chemicals is a supplier and sourcing partner, not a manufacturer. Morpholine's use in steam-system treatment means assay consistency matters as much as price — that shapes how we manage this line.
We place your order with whichever qualified producer best matches your required grade, your price point and your delivery window.
We keep a second qualified source on this line, so a single-plant disruption never becomes your production problem.
- Assay confirmed before we quote. Purity matters to downstream steam-treatment and pharmaceutical synthesis.
- UN 2054 logistics managed end to end. Classification, labelling and carrier compliance confirmed before booking.
- Corrosive-hazard documentation filed correctly. Every shipment carries the correct hazard declarations.
- Scheduled call-off scheduling. We hold contracted tonnage and release it against your consumption calendar.
- Batch traceability to the producing plant. Full chain of custody documentation on request.
- Export machinery handled in-house. Classification, approved packing, labelling, freight booking and customs paperwork are ours to manage.
Packed the way your plant receives it
Drum, IBC or bulk tank — tell us your preferred format and we will quote and classify to it.
200 L / 55 USG
Standard steel drums rated for UN 2054-classified liquid storage and transport.
Intermediate bulk containers
For mid-volume orders where drum handling becomes a logistics burden.
Power-plant bulk volumes
Bulk liquid transport sized to continuous power-generation or pharmaceutical-plant consumption.
Incoterms to suit you
Quoted on the Incoterm your purchasing team works to, with documentation filed before booking.
Trial / sample quantities
Small packs dispatched for process trials before a commercial order is placed.
Contracted call-off supply
We hold contracted tonnage and release it against your consumption calendar.
Flammable, corrosive, and harmful if inhaled
Morpholine's combination of flammability and corrosivity makes PPE and ventilation the central handling concerns. The summary below is orientation only — the safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch is the authoritative document.
Classified hazards
H226Flammable liquid and vapour.H302Harmful if swallowed.H312Harmful in contact with skin.H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.H332Harmful if inhaled.
Always read the SDS issued with your specific batch. Eliminate ignition sources; handle with chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles and adequate ventilation.
Storage
Store in tightly closed containers away from heat, sparks and open flame, in a well-ventilated area rated for flammable liquids.
Handling
Use with local exhaust ventilation and bond/ground equipment during transfer to control static discharge. Minimise skin and eye contact with appropriate PPE.
Transport
Shipped as UN 2054 in accordance with its flammable/corrosive classification. We confirm and document packing group and exact classification for your specific shipment and destination.
Every batch, documented
We verify documentation before dispatch so there are no surprises at your incoming-goods bench.
Specification agreed
Assay confirmed against your process requirement before order placement.
Producer batch testing
The producing plant tests each batch against the agreed specification before release.
Documentation review
COA, SDS and transport paperwork checked by our desk before the shipment is booked.
Traceable dispatch
Each shipment is traceable to its producing batch, with full chain-of-custody records on request.
How morpholine is made
Morpholine is produced industrially from diethylene glycol and ammonia, via a cyclisation reaction that forms the ring-closed N,O-heterocycle, followed by purification and fractional distillation.
We do not publish operating process parameters here; this is background only. Full technical and safety documentation accompanies every shipment, and any process-specific detail you need is best confirmed directly with our technical desk.
| Chemical family | Saturated heterocyclic amine |
|---|---|
| Ring structure | Six-membered, one nitrogen, one oxygen |
| Reactivity | Moderate secondary-amine base; forms salts, enamines and amides |
| Related compounds | Piperidine (N-only analog), N-Methylmorpholine (N-methyl derivative) |
Explore the wider amine range
Morpholine, answered
What is morpholine used for?
How does morpholine differ from piperidine?
Is morpholine hazardous?
What grade do you supply?
What packing do you offer?
Do you manufacture this yourself?
- Need a related amine? See our N-Methylmorpholine and Piperidine pages.
Get a quote on Morpholine today
Send us your required grade, pack size and delivery window. We will come back with a firm quote, lead time and full documentation.